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KMID : 1172020200210010025
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Journal of Korean Bioethics Association
2020 Volume.21 No. 1 p.25 ~ p.40
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Characteristic of neuroscience as the neuroethics research subject and the necessity of a concrete technology ethics scenario
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Kuk Jin-Ho
Ryu Young-Joon
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Abstract
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'Neuroscience and technology' refers to a study that researches the structure, function, and development of the animal's nervous system and studies how to regulate the function of the nervous system through the results. It is also refer to the legal definition of the 'Brain Research Promotion Act'. Broadly, it can be included that all research areas targeting the animal nervous system can fall into this category. Specifically, all brain-related research fields, such as natural science, medicine, pharmacology, engineering, psychology, cognitive science, and anthropology, can be included in brain research. In this field, new fields are rapidly created every year, and the existing fields are differentiating or converging with other fields. In addition, the humanities research is also active in line with the rapid expansion of the domain. In 2002, at the conference hosted by the Dana Foundation in San Francisco, USA, the new definition of neuroethics suggested that neuroethical responses to neuroscience research products should not be limited to existing ethical issues, but should be addressed in a complex way, including social and legal issues. To this end, each country has begun efforts to respond to neuroethics in earnest, but due to its vagueness and confusion, it faced difficulties. Due to the characteristics of the brain research field that are different from those of other science fields, the traditional bioethical approach is facing limitations. Despite this difficulty in the recognition of brain neuroscience and technology, humanities research cannot be put off due to the large social impact of the results. This study aims to find out why it is difficult to recognize brain research as a research subject of humanities and to find solutions. In addition, the reason for the confusion of words and academic difficulties used by the brain research community is found in the complex system characteristics of the neuroscience research and its community. For that purpose, the 'Brain Research Promotion Act' and the Korea Research Foundation's academic classification are analyzed, and it is checked whether the brain research field satisfies the characteristics of the complex system. It is intended to argue that the humanities approach to the brain field with these unique characteristics requires a very specific and reality-based technology ethics scenario and the preparation of multiple scenarios for multi-domain brain neuroscience.
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KEYWORD
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Neuronal system, brain, brain research, neuroethics, technical ethics scenario, complex system theory
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